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Major General John Macquarie Antill, Jr. (26 January 1866 – 1 March 1937) was a senior Australian Army officer in the New South Wales Mounted Rifles serving in the Second Boer War, and an Australian Army general in World War I. He retired from the army in 1924 as an honorary major general. In retirement he co-authored a play with his daughter about the life of William Redfern, called ''The Emancipist''. Mainly due to Peter Weir's 1981 film ''Gallipoli'', Antill is best known for not stopping the waves of suicidal charges on the Turkish lines at The Nek in the Gallipoli Campaign; there are a variety of interpretations of the command circumstances, including much criticism of the story portrayed in the film. However, there is no doubt that all four waves of the charges barely got "over the top" before being cut down by Turkish fire. The ANZAC forces suffered a 60% casualty rate, most having been cut down ''en masse'' just feet from their own trenches. To quote Rex Clark in the Australian Dictionary of Biography: However, to quote Ross Mallett's excellent "General Officers of the First AIF": ==Early life and career== Antill was born at the family estate of Jarvisfield〔http://jarvisfield.com/history.html〕 in Picton, New South Wales, the second surviving son of John Macquarie Antill (1822–1900)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Antill, John Macquarie (1822–1900) – obituary )〕 and Jessie Hassall Campbell (1834–1917).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Antill, Jessie Hassall (1831–1917) – obituary )〕 Antill was educated at Sydney Grammar where he served in the school cadet unit, and became a surveyor. His sister was Elisabeth Ann Antill (1871–1927) who married Major General Harry Lassetter in 1891 and survived the sinking of the ''RMS Lusitania'' in 1915. Antill joined the local militia in 1887. In 1889, he raised a squadron of mounted infantry in Picton. The squadron later became part of the New South Wales Mounted Rifles, the unit into which Antill was commissioned as a captain on 19 January 1889. The commander of the New South Wales military forces, Major General Edward Hutton, arranged for Antill to do a tour of duty with the British army in India in 1893, where he served with the 1st Battalion, Devonshire Regiment and the 2nd Dragoon Guards. On his return to Australia in 1894, Antill was commissioned into the state's regular forces as a captain. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Antill (general)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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